Hi, I want to ask can I change the SGQA column ({sid}X{gid}x{qid}) in the response table into another names such as question_1,question_2,question_3 ?

No

Hi, I able to change the name of the column in common_helper.php but it will affect the User Interface of the survey and the question will gone when opening the survey. Is there anyway to let the survey change the column name but will not trigger the User Interface of the survey ?

Don't do this …

Or : create a fork of LimeSurvey …

Of course if you change the way how columns are named this will have impact in a lot of places within Limesurvey. I would recommend just like Denis: don't do it.

If you really want to do this, you are of course free to do so. At the end LS is open source. But you'll probably have to change a lot of things within the core of Limesurvey, that you will not be able to use any future updates of Limesurvey.

So I recommend: don't do it.
What is the purpose of this anyway?
What will happen if someone changes the name of the question from within Limesurvey GUI?

PS : a previous Dev want to do this, wroking on it more than one year …
We have this feature request since more than 5 years i think …